上海市虹口区2018年高三英语二模卷

上海市虹口区2018年高三英语二模卷

II. Grammar andvocabulary

Section A

Directions: After readingthe passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blankwith the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word thatbest fits each blank.

Nook'sarrival, Good or Bad?

Booklovers,most of them, will tell you (21)    apleasure it is to lend a favorite read to the friend -the novel you stayed upall night to get to the end of; the travel book that made you feel (22)           you yourself were on a train ridethrough India. For a while it seemed that e-book users were to be denied thispleasure of lending to friends. You could buy a book or magazine for yourreading device, but you couldn't lend it out.

But now,with the Nock, the US book chain Barnes and Noble's response to Amazon'sKindle, electronic readers will be able to have their latest literary enthusiasm(23)     (press) on their friends,just like readers of physical books can, You simply email the book from yourNook and your friend can read it for two weeks, (24)      (use)any device with the Barnes& Noble e-book reader software. It's a bigimprovement from previous e-book readers.

The Nookoffers other features too. You read in black and white on the main screen. justlike with Kindle. The difference is (25)     on the lower part of the devicethere's a colour touch screen, (26)     allows you to browse througha book or a magazine , but goes black when you're not using it so that you savepower.

(27)       exciting thing about the Nook is that it offersWi-Fi, arguably a big advance on previous e-book readers. Customers in theUnited States can use the Internet connection (28)     (read)whole e-books at Barnes& Noble for hundreds of bookstores for free. None ofBarnes& Noble’s competitors can come close to this.

But theNook, ironically, (29)     (turnout) to be a money-loser for Barnes& Noble, or at least a job-loser for Barnes&Noble's employees. According to Marian Maneker at The Big Money Website, (30)       theNook is successful it might take sales from the company’s bookstores,eventually forcing their closure and the loss of thousands of jobs. 

 

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen fromthe box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more thanyou need.

A. branch   B. department C. appropriate   D. expansion   E. withdrew 

F. dominated  G.licensed   H. contract    I. considerable   J. brands   

K. breakthrough

Foreign Giants Target Chinese Milk Market

European dairy products giant Arla Foods has chosena leading Chinese milk manufacture as a business partner for its (31)        in China – a clear sign thatoverseas companies are starting to cultivate huge China’s dairy market by tyingup with local players.

Arla signed the cooperation (32)         , which comes into effect thismonth, with Mengniu Dairy at the end of August to set up a milk-powder jointventure in Hohhot, capital of North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The deal between Arle Foods and Mengniu can be seen as a new (33)          for Multinational’s re-entry into the sector.

Many foreign giants have found it difficult tocreate (34)         profits in domestic milk market, especiallythe liquid-milk sector, which is followed closely by price wars and dominatedby local (35)        ---companieslike Danone, Kraft and Friesland Coberco have quitted dairy production inChina.

A few have been successful ---Nestle, Inter,Bristo-Myers Squibb and Wyeth have (36)           the high-end milk-formula market in China.

“We will watchthe market closely and re-invest here in a(n) (37)         time,” an official of the Dutch firm Frieslandsaid when it (38)         its investment in its Tianjin joint venturelast year after eight years.

The company has(39)          its Chinese partner to continue using itsDutch lady brand and also sells its imported Friso infant foods, Dutch Ladymilk powder and Dutch lady Calcimex in the Chinese market through its (40)          company in Hong Kong.

 

III.Reading Comprehension

SectionA

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrasesmarked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fitsthe context.

Ourmodern working lives are ruled by the concept of competence(能力).The idea that lies behind competence is quite simple: that one can state whatpeople should do in behavioral terms, and then   41   whether a person has succeeded in meeting thattask or not. We rarely have a second thought about whether the idea ofmeasuring and achieving competence is a good one or not.   42  ,it is a debatable one.

Humans donot learn or work in ways that can be measured by the   43   of competence. Take the example of a baristawho is being trained to make coffee. The job title of “barista”   44   a degree of skill in making coffee. However,baristas in large coffee chains are usually trained through   45   qualifications. One part of thesequalifications is to produce a cup of coffee to meet a(n)   46   standard. It might have to achieve a certaintaste and appearance. This might seem perfectly reasonable, but there are tworeasons why such an approach to training baristas does not   47  .

First,the production of a cup of coffee to a certain standard is a binary(二次元的)  48 . The baristas can either produce a coffee of a certain standard orthey cannot. If they happen to produce the best cup of coffee in the world, itdoes not matter, as competence-based training does not reward outstandingperformance.   49  , producing the worst cup of coffee wouldbe a fail in the same way as producing a cup just below the standard. In fact,competence is not interested in the process of producing a coffee atall----only the final binary outcome.

Second,if the barista does produce a coffee to a certain   50  ,competence is not interested in why the barista can do that. But humans are notmachines that   51   produce binary outcomes. We have bodies andminds which   52   through learning.

Yet weare increasingly forced to   53   competence in our schools and workplace. Weare not empty machines that simply produce binary outcomes. If we want to betrue human in our learning and our workplace, we need to be   54   and special. Learning and innovation involvefailure in aiming for something that is unusually good. Such things simplycannot be   55   bythe standard of competence where the mediocre(平凡的)is the gold standard.

 

41.A. question          B. predict                            C. measure                   D. confirm

42.A. As a rule          B. As a whole               C.In other words          D. In fact

43.A. impression       B. concept                    C. value                       D. development

44.A. suggests           B. assumes                    C.deserves                   D. inherits

45.A. society-based   B. self-based                 C.pleasure-based          D. competence-based

46.A. minimum        B. unique                     C.traditional                D. international

47.A. last                 B. work                        C. exist                        D.change

48.A. challenge         B. appearance               C.outcome                   D. practice

49.A. Therefore        B. Instead                     C. Moreover                 D. Likewise

50.A. agreement        B. extent                      C.standard                   D. description

51.A. typically          B. simply                     C.cheaply                    D. occasionally

52.A. alter                B. expand                     C.create                       D. exhaust

53.A. handle             B. classify                    C. transfer                    D. achieve

54.A. common          B. sociable                    C. creative                    D. mature

55.A. judged             B. achieved                   C.restored                    D. presented

 

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of themthere are four choices marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that fits bestaccording to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

William Herschel was born onNovember 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757, he fled toEngland and began earning a living as an organist and later composer andconductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer.In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy.William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th, 1822, and Carolineon September 1st, 1848.

Herschel's first major discoverieswere to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation (绕轴自转). Herschel struck fame in 1781,when on March13th, he discovered the planet Uranus(天王星) while engaged in work aimed atdetermining stellar parallax(恒星视差). This being the firstnew planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateurastronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting ahistorically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum, inhonor of the then ruling English king George III. The trick worked once again,as King George III gave William and Caroline the titles of "The King’sAstronomer" and "Assistant to the king's Astronomer", an honorwhich came with a life's pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortlythereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devotethemselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moonsof Uranus in 1787.

While Caroline became increasinglyoccupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful. Williambecame for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson’s 1774 work, he putforth the theory of sunspot, an opinion that continued to exist well into thenineteenth century. In 1800, he became interested in the solar spectrum (太阳光谱), and uncovered the first evidencefor solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now knownas the infrared (红外线). In 1801, he publishedtwo papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth’sweather.

56. Herschel made himselfknown to the world mainly by______

A. discovering the planet Uranus

B. determining stellar parallax

C. discovering two moons of Uranus

D. uncovering the evidence for theinfrared

57. It can be inferred fromthe passage that George III______

A. liked science and technology

B. liked Herschel's naming of the newplanet

C. was interested in astronomy

D.  gave Herschel a lot of useful suggestions

58. What do we know aboutCaroline from the passage?

A. She was successful in music.

B. She was titled "The king'sAstronomer

C. She died later than her brother.

D. She published two papers

59. This passage mainlytells readers______

A. some information about Herschel andhis sister

B. how Herschel and his sisterdiscovered the planet Uranus

C.  Herschel and Caroline got along well with eachother

D. Herschel and Caroline's majorscientific publications

 

(B)

OSCAR THEATRE

BOOKING

-in person

The Box Office is open Monday to  Saturday, 10 am-8 pm.

-by post

Stating the performance and  choice of seats, enclosing a cheque, postal order, or your credit card  details to Oscar Theatre Box Office, PO Box 220, Main street. All cheques  should be made payable to Oscar Theatre

-by telephone

Ring 0844 847 2484 to reserve  your tickets or to pay by credit card (Visa, Master Card accepted)

-on-line

Complete the on-line booking form  at www.oscartheatre com.

DISCOUNTS

Saver: $2 off any seat  booked any time in advance for performances from Monday to Thursday inclusive,  and for all matinees (下午场). Savers are  available for children up to 16 years old, over 60sand full-time students.

Supersaver: half-price seats are  available for people with disabilities and one companion. It is advisable to  book in advance. There is a maximum of eight wheelchair spaces available and  on wheelchair space will be held until one hour before the show(subject to  availability)

Standby: best available seats  are on sale for $6 from one hour before the performance for people eligible(有资格的) for Saver and Supersaver  discounts and thirty minutes before for all other customers.

Group Bookings: there is a ten per  cent discount for parties of twelve or more.

Schools: school parties of ten  or more can book $9 tickets in advance and will get every tenth ticket free.

Please note: we are unable to  exchange tickets or refund money unless a performance is cancelled due to  unforeseen circumstance.

 

60. When booking by post,you can pay for a ticket by______

A. visiting the website of a postoffice

B. going to your local bank in person

C. enclosing your Master Card in anenvelope

D. providing your credit card information

61. What benefit can bookersenjoy according to the text?

A. A group of ten adults going to aperformance can claim a discount.

B. A school party of 15 persons thatbook in advance pay $135 in total for a performance.

C. Someone accompanying a wheelchairuser to a performance receives a discount.

D. An 18-year-old teenager is eligiblefor Saver discounts.

62. According to the text, ______can get Standby ticket.

A.65-year-oldsbuying tickets an hour and a half before a performance begins

B. full-time students buying tickets45 minutes before a performance begins

C. theatre-goers who are unexpectedlyunable to be present at a performance.

D. anyone who buys tickets an hourbefore a performance begins

 

(C)

Here’sthe scary thing about the identity-theft ring that the feds cracked last week:there was nothing any of its estimated 40,000 victims could have done toprevent it from happening. This was aninside job, according to court documents. A lowly help-desk worker atTeledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reportsonline, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of20 thieves at $60 a pop. That allowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers withgood credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to thevictims: $3 million and rising.

Evenscarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a dropin the bit bucket. More than 700,000 Americans have their credit hijacked everyyear. It's one of crime's biggest growth markets. A name, address and SocialSecurity number--which can often be found on the Web--is all anybody needs toapply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annuallyand lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so there's little financialincentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it standsnow, it's up to you to protect your identity.

The goodnews is that there are plenty of steps you can take. Most credit thieves areopportunists, not well-organized gangs. A lot of them go Dumpster diving forthose millions of "pre-approved" credit-card mailings that go outevery day. Others steal wallets and return them, taking only a Social Securitynumber. Shredding your junk mail and leaving your Social Security card at homecan save a lot of agony later.

But themost effective way to keep your identity clean is to check your credit reportsonce or twice a year. There are three major credit-report outfits: Equifax (atequifax.com), Trans-Union (www.transunion.com) and Experian (experian.com). Allallow you to order reports online, which is a lot better than wading throughvoice-mail hell on their 800 lines. Of the three, I found TransUnion's websiteto be the cheapest and most comprehensive--laying out state-by-state prices,rights and tips for consumers in easy-to-read fashion.

If you'relucky enough to live in Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jerseyor Vermont, you are entitled to one free report a year by law. Otherwise it'sgoing to cost $8 to $14 each time. Avoid services that offer to monitor yourreports year-round for about $70; that's $10 more than the going rate amongthieves. If you think you're a victim of identity theft, you can ask for fraudalerts to be put on file at each of the three credit-report companies. You canalso download a theft-report form atwww.consumer.gov/idtheft, which, along witha local police report, should help when irate creditors come knocking. Justdon't expect justice. That audacious help-desk worker was one of the fewer than2% of identity thieves who are ever caught.

63.The expression “inside job”(Line 2,Paragraph 1) most probably means _________.

A.a crime that is committed by a person working for the victim

B.a crime that should be punished severely

C.a crime that does great harm to the victim

D.a crime that poses a great threat to the society

64.The creditors can protect their identity in the following way except _________.

A.destroying your junk mail

B.leaving your Social Security card at home

C.visiting the credit-report website regularly

D.obtaining the free report from the government

65.It is easy to have credit-theft because     

A.More people are using credit service.   B. The application program is not safeenough.

C.Creditors usually disclose their identity.D.Creditors are not careful about their identity.

66.The best title of the text is      

A.The danger of credit-theft       B. The loss of the creditors

C.How to protect your good name  D. Why the creditors lose their identity

 

Section C

Directions: Read the passagecarefully. Fill in each blank with a proper seen given in the box. Eachsentence can be used only once. Note that there are t»o sentences than youneed.

 

Waysto Be More Efficient

Not alltasks of the day are inspiring. But you still have to wash those dishes andtake care of those routine tasks at work or in school. So what can you do notto get lost in procrastination(拖延)?

I’llshare how I do it, how I get some motivation and find more pleasure in what mayseem to be a boring task.

Insteadof focusing your mind on how boring a task may feel, focus on your thought onwhy you are doing this and how good it will feel when you are done with it. Ifneeded, sit down for a few minutes, close your eyes and see in your mind. Thengo to work with that motivation and those positive feelings in your body.

Do itattentively.     67      Focus 100% on just the work with allyour sense-how it feels, looks, and smells –as you are scrubbing it and nothingelse. Don’t get lost in daydreams. If you are just there, I have found thateven such a simple task becomes more enjoyable and something that can bringinner calm rather than distress.

Make adeal with yourself and set a timer for 10 minutes. It is often easier to dotask like these in small bursts. So make a deal with yourself to just spend 10minutes on your reading or cleaning the house.       68     When the timer rings you can continue doing it if feel like it (thisoften happens to me because getting started is the hard part) .Or you can stopand go do something more interesting instead.

Create apleasurable distraction. If possible，try tolisten to the radio，yourfavorite songs，an audio book or watch a movie or TVepisode while doing your boring task.                           69          I often listen to music or watchan episode of the Simpsons while doing the dishes or other routine work athome.

70         Take awalk in the sun. Move on to more fun or creative task at work or in school.Have a tasty treat. This habit can make it easier to get started and to keepgoing each day. Because you know that you can look forward to not just beingdone and the long-term payoff from that but also your immediate reward rightafter you are finished.

 

IV. Summary Writing

Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) ofthe passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Clearlyif we are to participate in the society in which we live, we must communicatewith other people. A great deal of communicating is performed on aperson-to-person basis by the simple means of speech. If we travel in buses,buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants, we are likely to have conversationswhere we give information or opinions, receive news or comment and very likelyhave our views challenged by other members of society.

Face-toface contact is by no means the only form of communication and during the lasttwo hundred years the art of mass communication has become one of thedominating factors of current society. Two things, above others, have causedthe enormous growth of the communication industry. Firstly, inventiveness hasled to advances in printing, telecommunications, photography, radio andtelevision. Secondly, speed has revolutionized the transmission and receptionof communications so that local news often takes a back seat to national news,which itself is often almost eclipsed (失去优势) by international news.

No longeris the possession of information restricted to a wealthy minority. In the last centurythe wealthy man with his own library was indeed fortunate, but today there arepublic libraries. Forty years ago, people used to go to the cinema, but now farmore people sit at home and turn on the TV to watch a program that is beingchanneled into millions of homes.

Communication is no longer merelyconcerned with the transmission of information. The modem communicationinfluences the way, people live in society and broadens their horizons byallowing access to information, education and entertainment. The printing,broadcasting and advertising industries are all information, education andentertainment, The printing, broadcasting and advertising industries are allinvolved with informing, educating and entertaining.

 

V. Translation

Direction: Translate thefollowing sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72.  应该采取措施阻止新病毒的蔓延。（stop）

 

73.在澳大利亚期间，他养成了每天和父母视频通话的习惯。（habit）

 

74.与成年人相比，年轻人更容易犯错误时因为他们不够成熟，缺少经验。（likely）

 

75.  近年来，电子白板系统应高效灵活地运用于课堂教学的想法已被广泛接受，难道不是吗？（idea）

 

 

VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

 

76.假如你叫李华，你们学校将组织高三毕业典礼，并在校园网上公布了如下方案，征求师生意见。写一封邮件给活动组织者，内容须包括：

①你认为方案中哪些地方需要改进，并提出修改建议；

②你的理由。

毕业典礼方案

主题：再见了，母校（Alma  Mater) !

时间：2018年5月31日（周四）下午3:00

流程：1.校长致辞2.颁发证书3.学生表演

 

参考答案：

听力部分：

1-5  D B C A A            6-10 DC C B A 

11-13 B D B                 14-16 AD C 

17-20 B C D A

语法：

21.what                22. as if/though      23. pressed            24. using                             25.that

26.which                     27. Another           28. to read          29. has turned out(turns out) 30. if

词汇:

31. D  32.H  33. K 34. I  35. J  36. F 37. C  38. E  39. G 40. A

完形填空：

41-45 C D B A D          46-50A B C D C           51-55 B A D C A

阅读理解：

56-59: A B C A             60-62:D C B           63-66: A D B C

选句填空：

67-70: E D F A 

概要写作：

Thepassage talks about some changes of communication. First, the art of masscommunication promoted by inventiveness and speed is one of the determiningfactors in the form of communication. Second, the possession of informationbelongs to the masses, not wealthy minority only. Third, modern communicationis crucial to people’s lifestyle and broadens people’s horizons. (59ws)

翻译：

1. Measures/ Steps/action(s) should be taken to stopnew viruses (from) spreading.

2. He developed/ formed/got into the habit of makingvideo calls with his parents during his stay in Australia.

3. Compared with adults, young people are more likelyto make mistakes for their immaturity and lack of experience.

4. In recent years, the idea that electronicwhiteboard system should be applied to classroom teaching efficiently andflexibly has been widely accepted, hasn’t it? (同位语从句可以后移；副词也可提前）